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On the minimum diameter of plane integral point sets
(2007)
- Since ancient times mathematicians consider geometrical objects with integral side lengths. We consider plane integral point sets P, which are sets of n points in the plane with pairwise integral distances where not all the points are collinear. The largest occurring distance is called its diameter. Naturally the question about the minimum possible diameter d(2,n) of a plane integral point set consisting of n points arises. We give some new exact values and describe state-of-the-art algorithms to obtain them. It turns out that plane integral point sets with minimum diameter consist very likely of subsets with many collinear points. For this special kind of point sets we prove a lower bound for d(2,n) achieving the known upper bound n^{c_2loglog n} up to a constant in the exponent.
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The Top-Dog Index: A New Measurement for the Demand Consistency of the Size Distribution in Pre-Pack Orders for a Fashion Discounter with Many Small Branches
(2008)
- We propose the new Top-Dog-Index, a measure for the branch-dependent historic deviation of the supply data of apparel sizes from the sales data of a fashion discounter. A common approach is to estimate demand for sizes directly from the sales data. This approach may yield information for the demand for sizes if aggregated over all branches and products. However, as we will show in a real-world business case, this direct approach is in general not capable to provide information about each branchs individual demand for sizes: the supply per branch is so small that either the number of sales is statistically too small for a good estimate (early measurement) or there will be too much unsatisfied demand neglected in the sales data (late measurement). Moreover, in our real-world data we could not verify any of the demand distribution assumptions suggested in the literature. Our approach cannot estimate the demand for sizes directly. It can, however, individually measure for each branch the scarcest and the amplest sizes, aggregated over all products. This measurement can iteratively be used to adapt the size distributions in the pre-pack orders for the future. A real-world blind study shows the potential of this distribution free heuristic optimization approach: The gross yield measured in percent of gross value was almost one percentage point higher in the test-group branches than in the control-group branches.
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Bounds for the minimum oriented diameter
(2008)
- We consider the problem of finding an orientation with minimum diameter of a connected bridgeless graph. Fomin et. al. discovered a relation between the minimum oriented diameter an the size of a minimal dominating set. We improve their upper bound.
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An exact column-generation approach for the lot-type design problem
(2012)
- We consider a fashion discounter distributing its many branches with integral multiples from a set of available lot-types. For the problem of approximating the branch and size dependent demand using those lots we propose a tailored exact column generation approach assisted by fast algorithms for intrinsic subproblems, which turns out to be very efficient on our real-world instances.
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Maximal integral point sets over Z^2
(2008)
- Geometrical objects with integral side lengths have fascinated mathematicians through the ages. We call a set P={p(1),...,p(n)} in Z^2 a maximal integral point set over Z^2 if all pairwise distances are integral and every additional point p(n+1) destroys this property. Here we consider such sets for a given cardinality and with minimum possible diameter. We determine some exact values via exhaustive search and give several constructions for arbitrary cardinalities. Since we cannot guarantee the maximality in these cases we describe an algorithm to prove or disprove the maximality of a given integral point set. We additionally consider restrictions as no three points on a line and no four points on a circle.
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Counting polyominoes with minimum perimeter
(2005)
- Es wird die Anzahl der wesentlich verschiedenen Polyominoes der Ordnung n mit minimalem Umfang p(n) bestimmt.
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On the characteristic of integral point sets in $\mathbb{E}^m$
(2005)
- We generalise the definition of the characteristic of an integral triangle to integral simplices and prove that each simplex in an integral point set has the same characteristic. This theorem is used for an efficient construction algorithm for integral point sets. Using this algorithm we are able to provide new exact values for the minimum diameter of integral point sets.
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Convex hulls of polyominoes
(2007)
- In this article we prove a conjecture of Bezdek, Brass, and Harborth concerning the maximum volume of the convex hull of any facet-to-facet connected system of $n$ unit hypercubes in $mathbb{R}^d$. For $d=2$ we enumerate the extremal polyominoes and determine the set of possible areas of the convex hull for each $n$.
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Integral point sets over finite fields
(2007)
- We consider point sets in the affine plane GF(q)^2 where each Euclidean distance of two points is an element of GF(q). These sets are called integral point sets and were originally defined in m-dimensional Euclidean spaces. We determine their maximal cardinality I(GF(q),2). For arbitrary commutative rings R instead of GF(q) or for further restrictions as no three points on a line or no four points on a circle we give partial results. Additionally we study the geometric structure of the examples with maximum cardinality.
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A note on Erdös-Diophantine graphs and Diophantine carpets
(2005)
- A Diophantine figure is a set of points on the integer grid $\mathbb{Z}^{2}$ where all mutual Euclidean distances are integers. We also speak of Diophantine graphs. The vertices are points in $\mathbb{Z}^{2}$ (the coordinates)and the edges are labeled with the distance between the two adjacent vertices, which is integral. In this language a Diophantine figure is a complete Diophantine graph. Two Diophantine graphs are equivalent if they only differ by translation or rotation of vertices. Due to a famous theorem of Erdös and Anning there are complete Diophantine graphs which are not contained in larger ones. We call them Erdös-Diophantine graphs. A special class of Diophantine graphs are Diophantine carpets. These are planar triangulations of a subset of the integer grid. We give an effective construction for Erdös-Diophantine graphs and characterize the chromatic number of Diophantine carpets.
